About My Research
An internationally renowned academic ophthalmologist and researcher specializing in inflammatory disorders of the eye (a specialty which is unrepresented in sub-Saharan Africa including South Africa), Dr. Kempen’s research focuses on the safety and effectiveness of treatments for ocular inflammatory diseases and ocular infectious diseases, particularly those related to HIV/AIDS. He also is active in identifying factors predictive of unfavorable outcomes of these diseases, which might be modifiable to avoid bad outcomes, or might alter current clinical management of these patients. Major topics of interest include evaluation of the long-term risks of immunosuppressive therapy, comparison of alternative treatment paradigms for the treatment of uveitis, development of new treatments for non-infectious scleritis, trachoma, management of cataract in developing countries, solutions for the problem of uncorrected refractive error in developing countries, and management of patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis.
Education
1988: BS, with Departmental Honors, Biological Sciences, Stanford University
1992: MD, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine
1997: MPH, International Health, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health
1999: MHS, Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health
2001: PhD, Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health
Postgraduate Training
1992-1993: Intern, Transitional Residency Program, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA.
1993-1996: Resident, Ophthalmology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA.
1996-1997: Fellow, Preventive Ophthalmology, Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, The Wilmer Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
1997-1998: Fellow, Clinical Trials, Center for Clinical Trials, Department of Epidemiology, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
1997-1998: Fellow, Uveitis and Clinical Immunology, Ocular Immunology Service, Wilmer Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Professional Memberships
1991-present: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
1993-present: American Academy of Ophthalmology, Fellow
1996-present: University of Washington Ophthalmology Alumni Association
1997-present: The Johns Hopkins Medical and Surgical Association
1997-present: Society for Clinical Trials
1998-present: Wilmer Resident Alumni Association
1998-present: American Uveitis Society, Member, past member of Executive Committee
2005-present: International Uveitis Study Group
Honors
1984: Bank of America Achievement Award
1984: Pacific Gas and Electric College Scholarship Award
1988: Graduation with Departmental Honors, Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University
1993: Diplomate of the National Board of Medical Examiners
1997: Diplomate of the American Board of Ophthalmology (renewed in 2007)
1998: Fellow, American Academy of Ophthalmology
1998: Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Award, National Eye Institute
2007: Research to Prevent Blindness, James S. Adams Special Scholar Award
2007: European Uveitis Patient Interest Association: 1st Prize, Best 2006 Paper in Clinical Uveitis
2008: Top five most cited papers published by Ophthalmic Epidemiology during 2008.
2009: America's Top Ophthalmologists, Consumers' Research Council of America
2009: European Uveitis Patient Interest Association: 1st Prize, Best 2008 Paper in Clinical Uveitis
2009: Fellow, American College of Epidemiology
2010: European Uveitis Patient Interest Association: 2nd Prize, Best 2009 Paper in Clinical Uveitis
2011: American Academy of Ophthalmology Achievement Award
2009-2013: Inclusion of 2-4 first or senior author papers within the top 10 uveitis papers published each of these years recommended by the American Academy of Ophthalmology (Uveitis Resident Reading List), up to the current year.
- Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by cataract: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020. Eye (Lond). 2024 Mar 09.
- Long-term visual acuity outcomes following cataract surgery in eyes with ocular inflammatory disease. Br J Ophthalmol. 2024 02 21; 108(3):380-385.
- Infectious eye disease in the 21st century-an overview. Eye (Lond). 2024 Feb 14.
- Response to the Comment on Evaluating the Diagnostic Accuracy and Management Recommendations of ChatGpt in Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2023 Dec 22; 1-2.
- Chatbots Vs. Human Experts: Evaluating Diagnostic Performance of Chatbots in Uveitis and the Perspectives on AI Adoption in Ophthalmology. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2023 Oct 13; 1-8.
- Impact of refresher training on the outcomes of trachomatous trichiasis surgery. Br J Ophthalmol. 2023 Sep 29.
- Antiviral treatment for acute retinal necrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Surv Ophthalmol. 2024 Jan-Feb; 69(1):67-84.
- Evaluating the Diagnostic Accuracy and Management Recommendations of ChatGPT in Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2023 Sep 18; 1-6.
- The Epidemiology and Risk Factors for the Progression of Sympathetic Ophthalmia in the United States: An IRIS Registry Analysis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2024 Feb; 258:208-216.
- Psychosocial Well-Being and Quality of Life in Uveitis: A Review. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2023 Sep 15; 1-15.
- Use of Immunosuppression and the Risk of Subsequent Overall or Cancer Mortality. Ophthalmology. 2023 Dec; 130(12):1258-1268.
- The Infectious Uveitis Treatment Algorithm Network (TITAN) Report 1-global current practice patterns for the management of Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella Zoster Virus anterior uveitis. Eye (Lond). 2024 01; 38(1):61-67.
- The Infectious Uveitis Treatment Algorithm Network (TITAN) Report 2-global current practice patterns for the management of Cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis. Eye (Lond). 2024 01; 38(1):68-75.
- Incidence of and Risk Factors for Cataract in Anterior Uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2023 10; 254:221-232.
- Cataract Surgery in Patients With Uveitis Treated With Systemic Therapy in the Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial and Follow-up Study: Risk Factors and Outcomes. Am J Ophthalmol. 2023 10; 254:210-220.
- Intravitreal Therapy for Uveitic Macular Edema-Ranibizumab versus Methotrexate versus the Dexamethasone Implant: The MERIT Trial Results. Ophthalmology. 2023 09; 130(9):914-923.
- The role of a multicentre data repository in ocular inflammation: The Ocular Autoimmune Systemic Inflammatory Infectious Study (OASIS). Eye (Lond). 2023 10; 37(15):3084-3096.
- Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan Utilization and Skeletal Fragility Among Non-Infectious Uveitis Patients Exposed to Oral Glucocorticoids. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2023 Mar 09; 1-9.
- Uveitis Registries - A Digital Tool for Patient Care, Education, Research, and Collaboration. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2023 Nov; 31(9):1859-1869.
- Anti-tubercular therapy in the treatment of tubercular uveitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Surv Ophthalmol. 2023 Mar-Apr; 68(2):241-256.
- Validation of diagnostic accuracy of retinal image grading by trained non-ophthalmologist grader for detecting diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. Eye (Lond). 2023 06; 37(8):1577-1582.
- The Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS) calculator-a consensus-based decision tool for initiating antitubercular therapy in ocular tuberculosis. Eye (Lond). 2023 05; 37(7):1416-1423.
- What the 'greater good' excludes: Patients left behind by pre-operative COVID-19 screening in an Ethiopian town. Dev World Bioeth. 2023 09; 23(3):269-276.
- Corneal Endothelial Transplantation in Uveitis: Incidence and Risk Factors. Am J Ophthalmol. 2022 04; 236:288-297.
- The Historical Evolution of Ocular Tuberculosis: Past, Present, and Future. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2022 Apr 03; 30(3):593-599.
- Epidemiology of Scleritis in the United Kingdom From 1997 to 2018: Population-Based Analysis of 11 Million Patients and Association Between Scleritis and Infectious and Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disease. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021 07; 73(7):1267-1276.
- Decreased risk of non-infectious anterior uveitis with statin therapy in a large healthcare claims database. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2021 Sep; 259(9):2783-2793.
- Dropped Nucleus during Cataract Surgery in South India: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2022 06; 29(3):271-278.
- Response to comments: Making the decision to donate eye organs: Perspectives from the families of the deceased in Madurai, India. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2021 04; 69(4):1020-1021.
- Risk of Cataract in Intermediate Uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2021 09; 229:200-209.
- Risk of Non-infectious Uveitis with Metformin Therapy in a Large Healthcare Claims Database. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2022 Aug; 30(6):1334-1340.
- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-Inhibitors and Incidence of Non-infectious Uveitis in a Large Healthcare Claims Database. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2022 02; 29(1):25-30.
- Contemporaneous Risk Factors for Visual Acuity in Non-Infectious Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2021 Aug 18; 29(6):1056-1063.
- SARS-CoV-2 Serosurvey in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 11; 103(5):2022-2023.
- Making the decision to donate eyes: Perspectives from the families of the deceased in Madurai, India. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2020 Oct; 68(10):2094-2098.
- The Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS)-1: A Multinational Review of 447 Patients with Tubercular Intermediate Uveitis and Panuveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Sep 30; 28(sup1):27-37.
- HIV-induced Retinitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Nov 16; 28(8):1259-1268.
- Seven-Year Outcomes of Uveitic Macular Edema: The Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment Trial and Follow-up Study Results. Ophthalmology. 2021 05; 128(5):719-728.
- Human immunodeficiency virus and intraocular inflammation in the era of highly active anti retroviral therapy - An update. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2020 Sep; 68(9):1787-1798.
- The Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS)-1: A Multinational Descriptive Review of Tubercular Uveitis in Paediatric Population. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Sep 30; 28(sup1):58-64.
- Incidence and Outcome of Uveitic Glaucoma in Eyes With Intermediate, Posterior, or Panuveitis Followed up to 10 Years After Randomization to Fluocinolone Acetonide Implant or Systemic Therapy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2020 11; 219:303-316.
- Exudative Retinal Detachment in Ocular Inflammatory Diseases: Risk and Predictive Factors. Am J Ophthalmol. 2020 10; 218:279-287.
- The Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS)-1: A Multinational Review of 165 Patients with Tubercular Anterior Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Sep 30; 28(sup1):17-26.
- Visual Morbidity in Ocular Tuberculosis - Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS)-1: Report #6. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Sep 30; 28(sup1):49-57.
- Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Tubercular Uveitis-Report 2: Guidelines for Initiating Antitubercular Therapy in Anterior Uveitis, Intermediate Uveitis, Panuveitis, and Retinal Vasculitis. Ophthalmology. 2021 02; 128(2):277-287.
- Twenty-four Month Outcomes in the Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS)-1: Defining the Cure in Ocular Tuberculosis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Sep 30; 28(sup1):65-73.
- Evolving consensus for immunomodulatory therapy in non-infectious uveitis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Br J Ophthalmol. 2021 05; 105(5):639-647.
- COVID-19 and immunosuppression: a review of current clinical experiences and implications for ophthalmology patients taking immunosuppressive drugs. Br J Ophthalmol. 2021 03; 105(3):306-310.
- The Changing Global Epidemic of HIV and Ocular Disease. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Oct 02; 28(7):1007-1014.
- Risk of Noninfectious Uveitis with Female Hormonal Therapy in a Large Healthcare Claims Database. Ophthalmology. 2020 11; 127(11):1558-1566.
- The Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS) Consensus (CON) Group Meeting Proceedings. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Sep 30; 28(sup1):85-95.
- Prevalence and causes of vision loss in sub-Saharan Africa in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections. Br J Ophthalmol. 2020 12; 104(12):1658-1668.
- Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Tubercular Uveitis-Report 1: Guidelines for Initiating Antitubercular Therapy in Tubercular Choroiditis. Ophthalmology. 2021 02; 128(2):266-276.
- Visual Acuity Outcome over Time in Non-Infectious Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2021 Aug 18; 29(6):1064-1071.
- Standardization of Nomenclature for Ocular Tuberculosis - Results of Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS) Workshop. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Sep 30; 28(sup1):74-84.
- Factors Predictive of Remission of Chronic Anterior Uveitis. Ophthalmology. 2020 06; 127(6):826-834.
- Tubercular Uveitis: Nuggets from Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS)-1. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Sep 30; 28(sup1):8-16.
- Infectious corneal ulceration: a proposal for neglected tropical disease status. Bull World Health Organ. 2019 Dec 01; 97(12):854-856.
- ISOPT Clinical Hot Topic Panel Discussion on Uveitis and Inflammation. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2019 Oct; 35(8):433-440.
- Prevalence and causes of vision loss in East Asia in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections. Br J Ophthalmol. 2020 05; 104(5):616-622.
- Patterns of Uveitis among Patients Attending Jimma University Department of Ophthalmology, Jimma, Ethiopia. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Oct 02; 28(7):1109-1115.
- Comparison Between Methotrexate and Mycophenolate Mofetil Monotherapy for the Control of Noninfectious Ocular Inflammatory Diseases. Am J Ophthalmol. 2019 12; 208:68-75.
- Remission of Non-Infectious Anterior Scleritis: Incidence and Predictive Factors. Am J Ophthalmol. 2021 03; 223:377-395.
- Techniques for improving ophthalmic studies performed on administrative databases. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2019 06; 26(3):147-149.
- Prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment: magnitude, temporal trends and projections in South and Central Asia. Br J Ophthalmol. 2019 07; 103(7):871-877.
- Periocular Triamcinolone vs. Intravitreal Triamcinolone vs. Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant for the Treatment of Uveitic Macular Edema: The PeriOcular vs. INTravitreal corticosteroids for uveitic macular edema (POINT) Trial. Ophthalmology. 2019 02; 126(2):283-295.
- Fluorometholone 0.1% as Ancillary Therapy for Trachomatous Trichiasis Surgery: Randomized Clinical Trial. Am J Ophthalmol. 2019 01; 197:145-155.
- Prevalence and causes of vision loss in South-east Asia and Oceania in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections. Br J Ophthalmol. 2019 07; 103(7):878-884.
- Prevalence and causes of vision loss in North Africa and Middle East in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections. Br J Ophthalmol. 2019 07; 103(7):863-870.
- The Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS)-1: A Multinational Description of the Spectrum of Choroidal Involvement in 245 Patients with Tubercular Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Sep 30; 28(sup1):38-48.
- Diabetic Retinopathy in Hispanics: A Perspective on Disease Burden. Am J Ophthalmol. 2018 12; 196:xviii-xxiv.
- Association of Hypovitaminosis D With Increased Risk of Uveitis in a Large Health Care Claims Database. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2018 05 01; 136(5):548-552.
- Iontophoretic delivery of dexamethasone phosphate for non-infectious, non-necrotising anterior scleritis, dose-finding clinical trial. Br J Ophthalmol. 2018 08; 102(8):1011-1013.
- Prevalence and causes of vision loss in high-income countries and in Eastern and Central Europe in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections. Br J Ophthalmol. 2018 05; 102(5):575-585.
- Difluprednate 0.05% versus Prednisolone Acetate 1% for Endogenous Anterior Uveitis: Pooled Efficacy Analysis of Two Phase 3 Studies. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2019; 27(3):484-496.
- Authors Reply to Letter to the Editor- In Response to: Comment on Durrani et al.'s Adalimumab for Ocular Inflammation. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2019; 27(1):71.
- Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990-2020: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2017 12; 5(12):e1221-e1234.
- Magnitude, temporal trends, and projections of the global prevalence of blindness and distance and near vision impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2017 09; 5(9):e888-e897.
- Reply. Am J Ophthalmol. 2017 10; 182:202-203.
- Association Between Long-Lasting Intravitreous Fluocinolone Acetonide Implant vs Systemic Anti-inflammatory Therapy and Visual Acuity at 7 Years Among Patients With Intermediate, Posterior, or Panuveitis. JAMA. 2017 May 16; 317(19):1993-2005.
- Risk of Ocular Hypertension in Adults with Noninfectious Uveitis. Ophthalmology. 2017 08; 124(8):1196-1208.
- Morphological assessment of the retina in uveitis. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2016 Dec; 6(1):33.
- Adalimumab for Ocular Inflammation. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2017 Jun; 25(3):405-412.
- Remission of Intermediate Uveitis: Incidence and Predictive Factors. Am J Ophthalmol. 2016 Apr; 164:110-7.e2.
- Risk of Retinal Neovascularization in Cases of Uveitis. Ophthalmology. 2016 Mar; 123(3):646-54.
- Acute onset anterior uveitis after darbepoetin alfa infusion. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2015 Dec; 5(1):31.
- Cataract Surgery Outcomes in Uveitis: The Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment Trial. Ophthalmology. 2016 Jan; 123(1):183-90.
- Factors Predicting Visual Acuity Outcome in Intermediate, Posterior, and Panuveitis: The Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial. Am J Ophthalmol. 2015 Dec; 160(6):1133-1141.e9.
- Outcome of Treatment of Uveitic Macular Edema: The Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment Trial 2-Year Results. Ophthalmology. 2015 Nov; 122(11):2351-9.
- Benefits of Systemic Anti-inflammatory Therapy versus Fluocinolone Acetonide Intraocular Implant for Intermediate Uveitis, Posterior Uveitis, and Panuveitis: Fifty-four-Month Results of the Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial and Follow-up Study. Ophthalmology. 2015 Oct; 122(10):1967-75.
- Design and Interpretation of Clinic-Based Studies in Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2015 Aug; 23(4):267-270.
- The Risk of Intraocular Pressure Elevation in Pediatric Noninfectious Uveitis. Ophthalmology. 2015 Oct; 122(10):1987-2001.
- Pattern of Pediatric Uveitis Seen at a Tertiary Referral Center from India. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2016 Aug; 24(4):402-9.
- Demand for Tertiary Eye Care Services in Developing Countries. Am J Ophthalmol. 2015 Oct; 160(4):619-27.e1.
- Uveitis Reactivation in Children Treated With Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Inhibitors. Am J Ophthalmol. 2015 Jul; 160(1):193-200.e1.
- Immunosuppressive therapy and cancer risk in ocular inflammation patients: fresh evidence and more questions. Ophthalmology. 2015 Feb; 122(2):219-21.
- Cataract surgery in patients with uveitis. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 2015; 55(3):133-9.
- Immune markers predictive of neuropsychiatric symptoms in HIV-infected youth. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2015 Jan; 22(1):27-36.
- Risk of cataract among subjects with acquired immune deficiency syndrome free of ocular opportunistic infections. Ophthalmology. 2014 Dec; 121(12):2317-24.
- Ocular toxicity in BRAF mutant cutaneous melanoma patients treated with vemurafenib. Am J Ophthalmol. 2014 Oct; 158(4):831-837.e2.
- Periocular corticosteroid injections in uveitis: effects and complications. Ophthalmology. 2014 Nov; 121(11):2275-86.
- Outcomes of cataract surgery in patients with uveitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2014 Oct; 158(4):676-692.e7.
- Cost-effectiveness of fluocinolone acetonide implant versus systemic therapy for noninfectious intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis. Ophthalmology. 2014 Oct; 121(10):1855-62.
- Difluprednate 0.05% versus prednisolone acetate 1% for endogenous anterior uveitis: a phase III, multicenter, randomized study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014 May 06; 55(5):2993-3002.
- Risk of retinal tear or detachment with oral fluoroquinolone use: a cohort study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2014 Jul; 23(7):745-52.
- Interobserver agreement in clinical grading of vitreous haze using alternative grading scales. Ophthalmology. 2014 Aug; 121(8):1643-8.
- Factors predictive of remission of new-onset anterior uveitis. Ophthalmology. 2014 Mar; 121(3):778-84.
- Incidence of visual improvement in uveitis cases with visual impairment caused by macular edema. Ophthalmology. 2014 Feb; 121(2):588-95.e1.
- Fundus image diagnostic agreement in uveitis utilizing free and open source software. Can J Ophthalmol. 2013 Aug; 48(4):227-34.
- Marginal structural models for comparing alternative treatment strategies in ophthalmology using observational data. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2013 Aug; 20(4):197-200.
- Response of pediatric uveitis to tumor necrosis factor-a inhibitors. J Rheumatol. 2013 Aug; 40(8):1394-403.
- Risk of choroidal neovascularization among the uveitides. Am J Ophthalmol. 2013 Sep; 156(3):468-477.e2.
- Fluorescein angiography versus optical coherence tomography for diagnosis of uveitic macular edema. Ophthalmology. 2013 Sep; 120(9):1852-9.
- Risk of elevated intraocular pressure and glaucoma in patients with uveitis: results of the multicenter uveitis steroid treatment trial. Ophthalmology. 2013 Aug; 120(8):1571-9.
- Peripapillary choroidal neovascularization in pars planitis. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2013 Jan 15; 3(1):13.
- Optical coherence tomography evaluation in the Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) trial. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2012 Dec; 20(6):443-7.
- Risk factors for loss of visual acuity among patients with uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: the Systemic Immunosuppressive Therapy for Eye Diseases Study. Ophthalmology. 2013 Jan; 120(1):186-92.
- Epidemiology of Behçet disease. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2012 Oct; 20(5):324-35.
- Risk of cataract in persons with cytomegalovirus retinitis and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Ophthalmology. 2012 Nov; 119(11):2343-50.
- Risk of hypotony in noninfectious uveitis. Ophthalmology. 2012 Nov; 119(11):2377-85.
- The impact of macular edema on visual function in intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2012 Jun; 20(3):171-81.
- Risk of corticosteroid-induced hyperglycemia requiring medical therapy among patients with inflammatory eye diseases. Ophthalmology. 2012 Aug; 119(8):1569-74.
- High-dose intravenous corticosteroids for ocular inflammatory diseases. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2012 Apr; 20(2):91-9.
- Associations among visual acuity and vision- and health-related quality of life among patients in the multicenter uveitis steroid treatment trial. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Mar; 53(3):1169-76.
- Challenges in the design and implementation of the Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial--lessons for comparative effectiveness trials. Clin Trials. 2011 Dec; 8(6):736-43.
- Randomized comparison of systemic anti-inflammatory therapy versus fluocinolone acetonide implant for intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis: the multicenter uveitis steroid treatment trial. Ophthalmology. 2011 Oct; 118(10):1916-26.
- Morphologic assessment for glaucoma in the Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) trial. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2011 Aug; 19(4):267-74.
- Risk of relapse in primary acute anterior uveitis. Ophthalmology. 2011 Oct; 118(10):1911-5.
- The need for a revised approach to epidemiological monitoring of the prevalence of visual impairment. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2011 Jun; 18(3):99-102.
- Diagnosis and treatment of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis: literature review and case series. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect. 2011 Sep; 1(3):105-10.
- Central corneal thickness and related factors in an elderly American Chinese population. Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2011 Jul; 39(5):412-20.
- Appropriate use and reporting of uncontrolled case series in the medical literature. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011 Jan; 151(1):7-10.e1.
- Population-based prevalence of uveitis in Southern India. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011 Apr; 95(4):463-7.
- Adverse effects of smoking on patients with ocular inflammation. Br J Ophthalmol. 2010 Jul; 94(7):848-53.
- Proof of concept for combined insertion of fluocinolone acetonide and glaucoma drainage implants for eyes with uveitis and glaucoma. Am J Ophthalmol. 2010 May; 149(5):699-700.
- The multicenter uveitis steroid treatment trial: rationale, design, and baseline characteristics. Am J Ophthalmol. 2010 Apr; 149(4):550-561.e10.
- Cyclosporine for ocular inflammatory diseases. Ophthalmology. 2010 Mar; 117(3):576-84.
- The prevalence and causes of visual loss among HIV-infected individuals in Uganda. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010 Jan; 53(1):95-101.
- Mycophenolate mofetil for ocular inflammation. Am J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar; 149(3):423-32.e1-2.
- Hypopyon in patients with uveitis. Ophthalmology. 2010 Feb; 117(2):366-72.
- Ocular disease in patients with ANCA-positive vasculitis. J Ocul Biol Dis Infor. 2009 Dec 12; 3(1):12-19.
- Cyclophosphamide for ocular inflammatory diseases. Ophthalmology. 2010 Feb; 117(2):356-65.
- Methotrexate for ocular inflammatory diseases. Ophthalmology. 2009 Nov; 116(11):2188-98.e1.
- Disparities in access to medical care for individuals with vision impairment. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2009 Sep-Oct; 16(5):281-8.
- Overall and cancer related mortality among patients with ocular inflammation treated with immunosuppressive drugs: retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2009 Jul 03; 339:b2480.
- Azathioprine for ocular inflammatory diseases. Am J Ophthalmol. 2009 Oct; 148(4):500-509.e2.
- Uveitis in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2009 Feb; 147(2):332-338.e1.
- Medical management of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2008 Sep-Oct; 56(5):385-90.
- Ocular inflammation in Behçet disease: incidence of ocular complications and of loss of visual acuity. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008 Dec; 146(6):828-36.
- Interobserver agreement in grading activity and site of inflammation in eyes of patients with uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008 Dec; 146(6):813-8.e1.
- Early retinal vascular abnormalities in African-American cocaine users. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008 Oct; 146(4):612-619.
- Comparison of intraocular lens types for cataract surgery in eyes with uveitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Jul 16; 2008.
- Ocular immune reconstitution inflammatory syndromes. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2008 Jul; 3(4):432-7.
- Long-term risk of malignancy among patients treated with immunosuppressive agents for ocular inflammation: a critical assessment of the evidence. Am J Ophthalmol. 2008 Dec; 146(6):802-12.e1.
- Methods for identifying long-term adverse effects of treatment in patients with eye diseases: the Systemic Immunosuppressive Therapy for Eye Diseases (SITE) Cohort Study. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2008 Jan-Feb; 15(1):47-55.
- Economic impact of visual impairment and blindness in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol. 2007 Apr; 125(4):544-50.
- Longitudinal study of the ocular complications of AIDS: 1. Ocular diagnoses at enrollment. Ophthalmology. 2007 Apr; 114(4):780-6.
- Longitudinal study of the ocular complications of AIDS: 2. Ocular examination results at enrollment. Ophthalmology. 2007 Apr; 114(4):787-93.
- Effect of cytomegalovirus retinitis on the risk of visual acuity loss among patients with AIDS. Ophthalmology. 2007 Mar; 114(3):591-8.
- Recurrent nodular scleritis preceding an adult TINU syndrome. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2006 Aug; 14(4):239-40.
- Causes of visual acuity loss among patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Ophthalmology. 2006 Aug; 113(8):1441-5.
- Incidence of and risk factors for visual acuity loss among patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Ophthalmology. 2006 Aug; 113(8):1432-40.
- Incidence of ocular complications in patients with multibacillary leprosy after completion of a 2 year course of multidrug therapy. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006 Aug; 90(8):949-54.
- Incidence of ocular morbidity among multibacillary leprosy patients during a 2 year course of multidrug therapy. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006 May; 90(5):568-73.
- Risk of immune recovery uveitis in patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis. Ophthalmology. 2006 Apr; 113(4):684-94.
- The impact of anemia on energy and physical functioning in individuals with AIDS. Arch Intern Med. 2005 Oct 24; 165(19):2229-36.
- Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: clinical outcomes. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005 Oct; 140(4):674-8.
- Retinal vascular occlusion in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Retina. 2005 Sep; 25(6):759-66.
- Mycophenolate mofetil therapy for inflammatory eye disease. Ophthalmology. 2005 Aug; 112(8):1472-7.
- Birdshot retinochoroidopathy: ocular complications and visual impairment. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005 Jul; 140(1):45-51.
- Incidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in second eyes of patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome and unilateral CMV retinitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005 Jun; 139(6):1028-34.
- Risk factors for mortality in patients with AIDS in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Ophthalmology. 2005 May; 112(5):771-9.
- Clinical characteristics and outcomes of cytomegalovirus retinitis in persons without human immunodeficiency virus infection. Am J Ophthalmol. 2004 Sep; 138(3):338-46.
- Causes and prevalence of visual impairment among adults in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Apr; 122(4):477-85.
- The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among adult type 1 diabetic persons in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Apr; 122(4):546-51.
- Prevalence of open-angle glaucoma among adults in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Apr; 122(4):532-8.
- Prevalence of cataract and pseudophakia/aphakia among adults in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Apr; 122(4):487-94.
- The prevalence of refractive errors among adults in the United States, Western Europe, and Australia. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Apr; 122(4):495-505.
- The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among adults in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Apr; 122(4):552-63.
- Prevalence of age-related macular degeneration in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Apr; 122(4):564-72.
- Comparability of two fundus photograph reading centers in grading cytomegalovirus retinitis progression. Am J Ophthalmol. 2004 Mar; 137(3):426-34.
- Incidence and management of cataract after retinal detachment repair with silicone oil in immune compromised patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003 Dec; 136(6):1009-15.
- Mortality risk for patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis and acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Clin Infect Dis. 2003 Nov 15; 37(10):1365-73.
- The effect of cytomegalovirus retinitis on the quality of life of patients with AIDS in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Ophthalmology. 2003 May; 110(5):987-95.
- Risk of vision loss in patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003 Apr; 121(4):466-76.
- Cataract after glaucoma filtration surgery. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003 Feb; 135(2):231-2.
- Cytomegalovirus resistance to ganciclovir and clinical outcomes of patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003 Jan; 135(1):26-34.
- Effect of technique on intraocular pressure after combined cataract and glaucoma surgery: An evidence-based review. Ophthalmology. 2002 Dec; 109(12):2215-24; quiz 2225, 2231.
- Methodologic rigor of clinical trials on surgical management of eyes with coexisting cataract and glaucoma. Ophthalmology. 2002 Oct; 109(10):1892-901.
- Surgical strategies for coexisting glaucoma and cataract: an evidence-based update. Ophthalmology. 2002 Oct; 109(10):1902-13.
- HIV and cytomegalovirus viral load and clinical outcomes in AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis patients: Monoclonal Antibody Cytomegalovirus Retinitis Trial. AIDS. 2002 Apr 12; 16(6):877-87.
- Characteristics of patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002 Jan; 133(1):48-61.
- Surgical treatment of coexisting cataract and glaucoma. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ). 2001 Jun; (38):1-3.
- The methodologic quality of clinical trials on regional anesthesia for cataract surgery. Ophthalmology. 2001 Mar; 108(3):530-41.
- Synthesis of the literature on the effectiveness of regional anesthesia for cataract surgery. Ophthalmology. 2001 Mar; 108(3):519-29.
- Incremental cost effectiveness of prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus disease in patients with AIDS. Pharmacoeconomics. 2001; 19(12):1199-208.
- Retinal detachment risk in cytomegalovirus retinitis related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol. 2001 Jan; 119(1):33-40.
- Anesthesia management during cataract surgery. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ). 2000 Jul; (16):1-3.
- Immune recovery uveitis in patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis after highly active antiretroviral therapy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2000 May; 129(5):634-9.
- Drug-induced maculopathy. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 1999; 39(4):67-82.
- Effect of visual impairment on neuropsychological test performance. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1994 Apr; 16(2):223-31.
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Major current studies with collaborators include the Systemic Immunosuppressive Therapy for Eye Diseases (SITE) Cohort Study, which has demonstrated that immunosuppression with antimetabolites or cyclosporine does not increase the risk of mortality over a median of 5-7 years’ follow-up; and the Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial, which has demonstrated systemic therapy with corticosteroids and immunosuppression when indicated has superior visual outcomes to fluocinolone acetonide implant therapy over seven years, while incurring fewer local ocular side effects and minimal systemic side effects. Dr. Kempen also is active in developing ophthalmology research and clinical infrastructure in developing countries, and has completed a preliminary evaluation of fluorometholone 0.1% as an ancillary treatment to prevent relapse of trachomatous trichiasis after lid rotation surgery (which had favorable results). Dr. Kempen is engaged in additional international research in India and Ethiopia regarding ophthalmic epidemiology and trachoma research. At Mass. Eye and Ear, he collaborates with the faculty around statistical design and epidemiological aspects of the department's research.